MLA Full Form, Qualification, Salary and Facilities

What is the full form of MLA?

The full form of MLA is Member of Legislative Assembly which is a constitutional post of India. An MLA is a member of state legislative assembly. This is also known as विधान सभा सदस्य in Hindi.

As this is a constitutional post, there are some provisions in the Indian constitution. In the Indian constitution, of part IV from article 168 to 212 deals with about the state legislature, of which MLA is a part of it.

In this portion, there is a detail discussion about the organization, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and many other things.

In the administration of Indian government, it has three tire i.e. the union or central government, state government, and Panchayat and Municipalities.

The Union Government is in the top position, then State Government and in the last position it is Panchayats and Municipalities.

In every states, there are certain number of MLAs for every states which is fixed and may be changed by the central government.

Limited number of MLAs can become a Member of Parliament (MP) and they will represent their state in the Lok Sabha.

Formation of Legislative Assembly

In general, as per the Indian Constitution, there are two houses in the state legislature i.e. State Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad) and a State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) which is mention in article 79 of the Indian Constitution.

Out of these two house, the legislative council is familiar as upper house and the legislative assemble is familiar as lower house.

Legislative council and legislative assemble of a state can be created or abolished using article 169 of the Indian Constitution.

Qualification for MLA

As per article 84 of the Indian Constitution, one need to have certain qualification to become MLA such as:

• Candidate must have citizenship of India.

• Candidate must attain 30 years of age for legislative council and for legislative assembly, you must be less than 25 years of age.

• The person should be health in terms of mental condition and does not possess any abnormality.

• He themselves be a voter of their respective constituency.

• They should not be a part of office of profit that are under the government of India or state government.

• In case of schedule caste or schedule tribe, they can also take participation in the election whether reserved for them or not.

Related Article: BDC Full Form, Qualification, Responsibility and Salary

Process of Election of MLA

Eligible candidates are elected through legislative election on the basis of universal adult franchise. This legislative election is held after every 5 years which is conducted by the Election Commission of India.

Intended candidates will do nomination to the Election Commission of India for election. For the nomination or to contest in the election, you must be a member of any party otherwise, you can contest independently in the election.

To be elected as an MLA, you must obtain more vote than other contestant.

Duration of the post MLA

Like member of Lok Sabha, the member of State Legislative Assemble is also elected by the people on the basis of universal adult franchise for 5 years as the article 172 of the Indian Constitution.

If there is any emergency situation arise, duration may extend up to 6 months. Although, the governor has the authority to dissolve the state assemble whenever the governor wants before the completion of their tenure. After the dissolution, a fresh election is conducted to fulfil the vacancies.

Role and Responsibility of MLA

Legislative Role:

Member of Parliament i.e. member of the Lok Sabha is responsible for making laws which are under the Union List and Concurrent List, and also on the subjects that are not included in the three list.

On the other hand, an MLA has the exclusive power to enact laws on the subjects that are in the State List & also on the Concurrent List as per the article 328 of the Indian Constitution.

The subjects that are included in the State List are:

• Agriculture
• Police
• Prison
• Local Government
• Public Health
• Land
• Liquor
• Trade and Commerce
• Livestock and Animal Husbandry
• State Public Services

The subjects that are mentioned in the Concurrent List are:

• Education
• Transfer of the Property other than Agricultural land
• Forests
• Trade Unions
• Adulteration
• Adoption and Succession

Executive Roles of MLA:

An MLA also possess some executive powers in their state. As per the Article No. 257 (1), The executive power of every State shall be so exercised as not to impede or prejudice the exercise of the executive power of the Union, and the executive power of the Union shall extend to the giving of such directions to a State as may appear to the Government of India to be necessary for that purpose.

The party which are in the power has the responsibility to the legislative assembly. The decisions and activities that are taken by the ruling party are answerable to their respective Legislative Assembly.

MLAs can pass vote of no-confidence with their majority in numbers which may lead to resignation of the ruling government. They also raise various issues of the common people in the Legislative Assemble and work on the problem to eradicate the problem.

They also have the responsibility to use allocated funds properly for the development of their respective constituency. Create various plans and implement them for the betterment of their respective constituency.

Roles & Responsibility related to Electoral:

• As per article 52 of the Indian Constitution, an MLA also take participation in the election of the President of India.

• MLAs also have the role to the member of the parliament i.e. member of Rajya Sabha who will represent the state in the parliament according to the article 80 of the Indian Constitution.

• According to the article 93 and 94, they cast vote for the election of Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.

• MLAs are responsible for the selection of members of the Legislative Assembly of their respective state.

• They organize different committees for various purposes in the house of the State Legislative Assembly.

Salary and Other Facilities of MLA

Salaries of MLAs is different from state to state in India. According to a report, MLAs average salary is around ₹1,25,000 to ₹2,50,000 per month.

They also avail some other facilities such as Government accommodation, MLA fund, dearness allowance, travel allowance, medical allowance, computer operator, stationery, postal and telephone allowance. After the retirement, they will also eligible for pension.

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MLA Full Form: FAQs

Conclusion

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